Iindidi kunye nokuhlelwa kwencasa yokutya kunye nevumba

1.Uluhlu lwencasa yokutya kunye nevumba elimnandi
Umlinganiselo wencasa yokutya uncinci kakhulu, kodwa kufuneka uqhube ukhuseleko oluthile kunye novavanyo lwempilo, kwaye lunokusetyenziswa kuphela emva kokuhlangabezana neemfuno zemimiselo yezempilo efanelekileyo.Zininzi iintlobo zencasa yokutya, ezahlulahlulwe zibe ziqina kunye nolwelo ngokwefomu yedosi.I-flavour eqinile inencasa ye-microcapsule kunye nokunye.Iincasa zolwelo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziincasa ezinyibilikayo emanzini, iincasa ezinyibilikayo kwi-oyile kunye nencasa e-emulsified.Ukongeza, inokuphinda ihlelwe ngencasa kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Incasa yeMicrocapsule yenziwe ngeencasa kunye neearhente zokugquma (ezifana nesitatshi esilungisiweyo, njl. njl.) ngokusebenzisa i-emulsification kunye ne-spray drying, eneempawu zokuthintela i-oxidation kunye nokulahleka kwe-volatilization, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukongeza incasa kwiziselo eziqinileyo kunye ne-seasonings.I-essence enyibilikayo emanzini yenziwe ngamanzi adiyiweyo okanye i-ethanol njengezinongo ezidiyiweyo nezityiwayo, ikakhulu ezisetyenziswa kwiziselo ezithambileyo kunye nezinye iziqholo.I-oil-soluble flavour yenziwa ngokuxuba i-propylene glycol kunye ne-flavour yokutya, njl., ikakhulukazi isetyenziselwa ukunambitha i-candy kunye ne-cookies.I-emulsifying essence sisigaba se-oyile esinencasa yokutya, i-oyile yokutya, izilawuli ezithile zokuxhuzula, i-antioxidants, i-preservatives, njl., kunye nesigaba samanzi esiqulunqwe yi-emulsifiers, i-colorants, i-preservatives, i-thickeners, i-agent emuncu kunye namanzi adibeneyo, njl. i-emulsification kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-homogenization, ikakhulu esetyenziselwa iziselo ezithambileyo kunye neziselo ezibandayo, ukuphuculwa kwencasa, umbala okanye i-turbidity.

2.Ukuhlelwa kwencasa yokutya kunye nevumba elimnandi
Incasa yokutya sisongezo sokutya esiyimfuneko kwishishini lokutya.Kwizongezo zokutya ngumzimba wayo, kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwewaka.Iintlobo zencasa zinokuhlulwa zibe:
(1) Incasa yendalo.Yinto yendalo ngokupheleleyo ekhutshwe kwizityalo zendalo kunye nezilwanyana (iziqholo) ngeendlela ezibonakalayo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, abathwali bezinto ezivumba zendalo banokufumaneka kwiziqhamo, amalungu ezilwanyana, amagqabi, iti kunye nembewu.Iindlela zokutsalwa kukukhupha, ukuxutywa kunye nokugxininiswa.I-vanilla extract, i-cocoa extract, i-strawberry extract kunye nokunye kunokufumaneka ngendlela yokukhutshwa.Ioli ye-Peppermint, ioli yefennel, i-cinnamon (osmanthus) ioli, ioli ye-eucalyptus inokufumaneka nge-distillation.Ioli ye-Orenji, ioli ye-lemon kunye neoli ye-citrus inokufumaneka nge-distillation.Ijusi ye-apula igxininise, i-mango concentrate, i-orange juice concentrate kunye nokunye kunokufumaneka ngendlela yoxinaniso.Kukho izinto ezikrwada ezingaphezu kwama-5 000 ezinokukhupha incasa yokutya ehlabathini, yaye zingaphezu kwe-1 500 ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
(2) Incasa yesazisi sendalo.Olu hlobo lwencasa lufunyanwa ngonyango lwekhemikhali yemathiriyeli ekrwada yendalo okanye ukuhlanganiswa okwenziweyo kunye nezinto zencasa yendalo ngendlela efanayo yekhemikhali.
(3) Incasa yokwenziwa.Ifunyenwe nge-artificial synthesis kunye nezinye iindlela zeekhemikhali kwaye ayizange iqinisekiswe ukuba iimolekyuli zendalo zemichiza.Ukuba ifunyenwe kwindalo kwaye ilawule iimolekyuli zeekhemikhali ezifanayo, ilingana nencasa yendalo.Ngethuba nje kukho izinto eziluhlaza kwi-essence is synthetic, oko kukuthi, i-artificial synthetic essence.
⑷ Incasa elungiselelwe yindlela ye-microbial.Yinto efunyenwe yi-microbial fermentation okanye i-enzymatic reaction.
(5) Undoqo osebenzayo.Olu hlobo lwencasa luvela kwimpendulo ye-Maillard yokufudumeza iprotein kunye nokunciphisa iswekile, kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa kwinyama, itshokolethi, ikofu, ivumba lemalt.

Ngokwemeko yokuhlelwa kwencasa, iziqholo zokutya ziquka: incasa yolwelo (i-soluble yamanzi, i-oil-soluble, i-emulsifying), apho izinto ezivumba zibalwa kwi-10% -20%, i-solvent (amanzi, ipropylene glycol, njl.) kwi-80% -90%;I-Emulsion flavour, kuquka i-solvent, i-emulsifier, iglue, i-stabilizer, i-pigment, i-asidi kunye ne-antioxidant, i-80% --90%;I-Powder flavour, apho i-aroma substance ibala i-10% -20%, i-carrier ithatha i-80% -90%.

Uphuhliso lwe-powder flavour lukhawuleza, kwaye lunoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwiziphuzo, i-snacks, iimpahla ezibhaka kunye nokunye.Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeencasa zomgubo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo:
(1) Incasa yepowder ngendlela yokuxuba: izinto ezininzi zencasa ephothiweyo zixutywa enye kwenye, ezinje nge-five-spice powder, curry powder, njl.;Uninzi lwala mavumba avela kwiziqholo zezityalo zendalo, kwaye ekulungiseleleni iziqholo zenyama;I-vanilla powder, i-vanillin, njl., nazo ziyi-flavour powder ngendlela yokuxuba.
2Iincasa ezahlukeneyo zenyama ubukhulu becala zizincasa zomgubo ngokwemo ye-adsorbed.
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I-microgelatinization ye-flavour yindlela ekhethekileyo yokupakisha, ukwahlula, ukugcinwa, ukukhululwa okucothayo kunye nokunyangwa kwe-flavour ye-liquid, eyona njongo yayo kukugcina incasa yasekuqaleni ixesha elide, kunye nokugcina incasa kakuhle ukukhusela ukuwohloka kwencasa okubangelwa oxidation kunye nezinye izinto.
Esi siphumo sibaluleke ngokukodwa kwaye sinokwenzeka ngokubanzi kwezinye iincasa zomgubo kwizicelo zeshishini lokutya.Ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: imveliso yesiselo esiqinileyo semveli isebenzisa indlela yokutshiza yokutshiza, indlela yokumisa i-vacuum kunye nendlela yokubilisa ukuvelisa, inkqubo yokuvelisa isebenzisa incasa yolwelo, kufuneka ifudunyezwe ukususa i-solvent, incasa yemveliso iya kuchaphazeleka.

Indlela yokuxuba umgubo owomileyo isetyenziswa kwimveliso yesiselo esiqinileyo.Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, izithako ezahlukeneyo ze powder zixutywe ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-microgel powder essence, ngaphandle kokufudumeza, kwaye incasa yemveliso ihlala ingatshintshi.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-microgel granule powder flavoring kwiziselo eziqinileyo kulula ukusebenza, kulula ukuxuba ngokulinganayo, akunyusi ubushushu beemveliso ze-flavoring, iimveliso zigcina imo yomgubo wokuqala, kwaye aziyi kutshintsha umbala kwiimveliso ezineswekile emhlophe.
Ngenxa yokuba iinqununu zevumba zifakwe kwi-capsule, ukulahlekelwa kwe-volatilization kuvinjiwe, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ixesha lokulondoloza.Amacandelo evumba ahlukanisiwe kwindawo ejikelezileyo ukuthintela ukonakala kwencasa ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-oxidation, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswa kakhulu ixesha lokugcinwa kwemveliso.Ukusetyenziswa komsebenzi wencasa yencasa yolwelo akulula, akukho lula ukuxuba ngokulinganayo, ukwandisa umthamo wamanzi wemveliso yencasa, ukuze imveliso ibe lula ukwenza i-caking phenomenon, kwiimveliso ezimhlophe ezineswekile ziya kuguquka ngokuthe ngcembe, incasa ibe tyheli kuphela. yongezwe kumphezulu, evezwe kwindawo ebangela ukuguquguquka okukhawulezileyo, ukugcina ixesha levumba lifutshane, indawo enkulu yencasa yokunxibelelana nomoya, ichaphazeleka kwi-oxidation, ikhuthaza ukuwohloka kwencasa, ixesha lokugcinwa elifutshane.