Ishishini leevumba nencasa lelizwe lam lishishini elijolise kakhulu kwimarike kwaye lidibene kwihlabathi liphela. Iinkampani zevumba nencasa zonke zifumaneka eTshayina, kwaye iimveliso ezininzi zevumba nencasa zasekhaya nazo zithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngobuninzi. Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 yophuhliso, ishishini leevumba nencasa lelizwe lam lixhomekeke kubuchule obuqhubekayo bobuchwepheshe, liqhubela phambili imveliso kunye nokusebenza, kwaye eli shishini liphumelele uphuhliso olukhulu.
Iincasa zemizi-mveliso zahlukile kwiincasa zemihla ngemihla zeekhemikhali kunye neencasa zokutya. Iincasa zemizi-mveliso zibonakaliswa livumba elirhabaxa, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nevumba elihlala ixesha elide. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiplastiki, ngerabha, iipeyinti zeekhemikhali kunye nee-inki zepeyinti. Isetyenziselwa ukugquma ivumba kunye nokwandisa ivumba ukuze kufumaneke inqanaba elifanelekileyo lokuthengisa.
Incasa yemizi-mveliso lishishini elibalulekileyo lezinto eziluhlaza ezixhasa iimveliso zokunambitha. Incasa yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu ekudibaniseni iincasa; iincasa zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni, kwiziselo, kutywala, kwiicuba, kwiisepha, kwizinto zokuthambisa, kumazinyo, kumayeza, ekutyeni, kwimizi-mveliso yesikhumba. Ukongeza kwivumba elimnandi, ubungakanani be-essence kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo ezinencasa yi-0.3-3% kuphela, kodwa idlala indima ebalulekileyo kumgangatho wemveliso, ngoko ke incasa ibizwa ngokuba "ngumphefumlo" weemveliso ezinencasa.
Phantsi kwesikhokelo sobuchule besayensi nobuchwepheshe, uphando lwesayensi kunye nomsebenzi wokufundisa weshishini levumba nencasa yelizwe lam ufumene iziphumo ezanelisayo. Thatha isikolo sokuqala seShanghai Institute of Technology njengomzekelo, uqeqesho lwabasebenzi besayensi nobuchwepheshe kunye nempumelelo yesayensi nobuchwepheshe ibe neziqhamo. Esi sikolo simisele isikhundla soqeqesho lwetalente "sokuqeqesha iitalente zobugcisa ezisetyenzisiweyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngomoya omtsha kunye nobuchule obusebenzayo, kunye neenjineli zokuqala ezibalaseleyo ezinembono yamazwe ngamazwe", kwaye sakha "ukukhonza uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalo lwengingqi, ukukhonza amashishini asezidolophini anamhlanje, kunye nokukhonza amashishini amancinci naphakathi. Izixeko kunye namashishini amancinci naphakathi, aseShanghai, ejongene neYangtze River Delta, esasazeka kulo lonke ilizwe, kwaye ehlangabezana neemfuno zentlalo".
Ixesha lokugcina ivumba le-essence lihlala liziinyanga ezi-3-15. Ngenxa yokuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zevumba zinesantya esahlukileyo sokuguquguquka kwimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nefomyula yohlobo lwevumba, kwaye umoya ohambayo ulutshaba lwevumba le-essence kunye nomgubo wevumba, imveliso egqityiweyo iyasongwa ize ibekwe ebhokisini. Ukuhombisa kunye nezitikha kumphezulu wemveliso egqityiweyo kunokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwevumba ngexesha lokugcina, ngaloo ndlela kwandise ixesha lokugcina ivumba lemveliso.
Inkqubo yokukhupha i-carbon dioxide eyingozi kakhulu isetyenziselwa ukukhupha i-oyile eyomileyo ye-frangipani eveliswa eLaos. Kwangaxeshanye, iteknoloji ye-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry isetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ukwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-oyile eyomileyo, nto leyo enika isiseko sesayensi sophuhliso olupheleleyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-frangipani. Ngophando lovavanyo, iqela lophando lwesayensi limisele iimeko zenkqubo yokukhupha i-oyile ye-frangipani eyomileyo eyingozi kakhulu: uxinzelelo lokukhupha i-25Mpa, ubushushu bokukhupha i-45°C, uxinzelelo lokwahlula i-12Mpa, kunye nobushushu bokwahlula i-1 obuyi-55°C. Phantsi kwezi meko, isivuno esiphakathi se-extract yi-5.8927%, ephezulu kakhulu kunesivuno se-extract yovavanyo lwe-steam distillation ye-0.0916%.
Imarike yeencasa neziqholo zaseTshayina inamandla amakhulu ophuhliso kunye nendawo yemarike. Iinkampani ezidumileyo zeencasa neziqholo zamazwe ngamazwe zityale imali zaza zakha iifektri eTshayina. Ngenxa yodumo lwazo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye neenzuzo zobuchwepheshe, zithathe uninzi lweencasa zasekhaya neziqholo zamaqela aphakathi ukuya kwaphezulu kwimarike. Kwangaxeshanye, emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, amashishini abucala asekhaya avelisa iincasa neziqholo avele amashishini amaninzi akhokelayo kwishishini. Exhomekeke kulwazi lwawo lweencasa zasekuhlaleni, umgangatho wemveliso ozinzileyo, amaxabiso emveliso afanelekileyo, kunye neenkonzo zobugcisa ezicingisisiweyo, la mashishini abucala aye aphumelela kancinci kancinci ekuqatshelweni kwabathengi abaphakathi ukuya kwaphezulu, kwaye isabelo sawo semarike kunye nolwazi lophawu luye lwanda imihla ngemihla.
Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ivumba elinamandla, ukugcinwa kwevumba elihlala ixesha elide, njl. Isetyenziswa kwiimveliso zeplastiki, iimveliso zerabha, iiplastiki, izixhobo zezihlangu, iisachets, imisebenzi yezandla, amalaphu, ukupakisha iimveliso, iindawo zomoya, amagumbi eehotele, iimpahla zasekhaya, izinto zokubhala, iindawo zangaphakathi zeemoto, njl. Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kwinkqubo yokwenza iimveliso zeplastiki, ukuze iimveliso zeplastiki zibe nefuthe elihle lokugcina ivumba.
Imveliso nophuhliso lweshishini leencasa nevumba elimnandi ziyahambelana nophuhliso lweshishini elixhasayo elifana neshishini, iziselo, kunye neekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla. Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwishishini elisezantsi luye lwakhuthaza uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini leencasa nevumba elimnandi, kunye nophuculo oluqhubekayo lomgangatho wemveliso, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo, imveliso kunye neentengiso. Ukwanda unyaka nonyaka. Ukuqinisekisa imfuno enkulu yeshishini elisezantsi kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwemarike yeempahla zabathengi, indlela yokukhuthaza utshintsho kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini iye yaba yingxaki eqhelekileyo kwishishini.
Ukongeza kwiinkampani ezinkulu zangaphandle kwiinkampani ezithengisa izinto zaseTshayina, iinkampani zikarhulumente zinophando olusisiseko olubuthathaka, umxholo wobuchwephesha ophantsi, iindlela zolawulo olungenakuguquguquka, kunye nokuqonda okubuthathaka kwenkonzo, okukhokelele ekucothweni okanye ekubuyeleni umva kwisantya sazo sophuhliso lwangoku. Ngokukhuthazwa yimigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe yangoku, amashishini asezidolophini nawabucala aphuhlile ngokukhawuleza. Ngeendlela zawo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo kunye neenkonzo ezicingisisiweyo, afumene udumo kubasebenzisi, kwaye isabelo sawo semarike sihlala sisanda. Nangona kunjalo, kumashishini amaninzi abucala, ngenxa yeziseko zoqoqosho nezobuchwepheshe eziphantsi, ulwazi oluphantsi lweempawu, kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ongaqinisekanga, le meko iya kuzisa ukuhlanganiswa kweshishini kwaye ibonelele ngesiseko sokuba iinkokheli zoshishino zibe nkulu kwaye zomelele.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-06-2024