Kutheni i-cistrans ratio yenye yezona nkcukacha zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zijongwe kwiSatifikethi soHlalutyo lweMilk Lactone?

Oku kungena kwiinkalo ezithile zeekhemikhali ezichaza umgangatho kunye nohlobo lweMilk Lactone.

Nantsi inkcazelo eneenkcukacha:

1. I-Chemistry: Kutheni i-Isomerism ibalulekile kwi-Lactones

Kwi-lactones ezifana ne-δ-Decalactone, igama elithi “cis” kunye nelithi “trans” alibhekiseli kwi-double bond (njengoko lisenza kwiimolekyuli ezifana nee-fatty acids) kodwa libhekisa kwi-relative stereochemistry kumaziko amabini e-chiral kwiringi. Ulwakhiwo lweringi ludala imeko apho ukujongwa kwendawo kwee-athomu ze-hydrogen kunye ne-alkyl chain ngokumalunga ne-ring plane kwahlukile.

· i-cis-Isomer: Iiathom ze-hydrogen ezikwiathom zekhabhoni ezifanelekileyo zikwicala elinye le-ring plane. Oku kudala imo ethile, enomda ngakumbi.

· i-trans-Isomer: Iiathom ze-hydrogen zikwicala elichaseneyo le-ring plane. Oku kudala imo ye-molecular eyahlukileyo, edla ngokungaxinezeleki kakhulu.

Olu mahluko luncinci kwimilo lukhokelela kumahluko abalulekileyo kwindlela imolekyuli esebenzisana ngayo nee-smell receptors, ngaloo ndlela, neprofayili yevumba layo.

2. Ubungakanani kwiNdalo vs. kwiSintetikiI-Lactone yobisi

Umthombo oqhelekileyo we-cis Isomer Proportion I-trans eqhelekileyo ye-Isomer Proportion Isizathu esibalulekileyo

Yendalo (evela kwiDayi) > 99.5% (Ngokusebenzayo yi-100%) < 0.5% (Iyalandeleka okanye ayikho) Indlela ye-enzyme biosynthesis kwinkomo i-stereospecific, ivelisa kuphela uhlobo lwe-(R) olukhokelela kwi-cis-lactone.

I-synthetic ~70% – 95% ~5% – 30% Uninzi lweendlela zokwenziwa kweekhemikhali (umz., ezivela kwi-petrochemicals okanye kwi-ricinoleic acid) azifani ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ebangela umxube wee-isomers (i-racemate). Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo uxhomekeke kwinkqubo ethile kunye namanyathelo okucoca.

3. Impembelelo Yeemvakalelo: Kutheni i-cis Isomer Ibalulekile

Le nxalenye ye-isomer ayisiyonto nje yokufuna ukwazi iikhemikhali; inefuthe elithe ngqo nelinamandla kumgangatho weemvakalelo:

· cis-δ-Decalactone: Le yi-isomer enevumba elixabisekileyo, elinamandla, elikhrimu, elifana nepesika, nelifana nobisi. Yinto ebangela impembelelo kubuntu bayo.I-Lactone yobisi.

· i-trans-δ-Decalactone: Le isomer inevumba elibuthathaka kakhulu, elingaqhelekanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha livumba "eliluhlaza" okanye "elinamafutha". Ayincedi kangako kwiprofayili ekhrimu efunekayo kwaye inokunciphisa okanye iphazamise ubumsulwa bevumba.

4. Impembelelo kwiShishini leeNcasa neZiqholo

Umlinganiselo we-cis kwi-trans isomer luphawu oluphambili lomgangatho kunye neendleko:

1. IiLactones zeNdalo (ezivela kwiDairy): Ngenxa yokuba ziyi-100% cis, zinevumba elinamandla, elinqwenelekayo nelivakala lihle. Zikwabiza kakhulu ngenxa yenkqubo ebiza kakhulu yokuzikhupha kwimithombo yobisi.

2. IiLactones zokwenziwa ezikumgangatho ophezulu: Abavelisi basebenzisa iindlela eziphambili zeekhemikhali okanye ze-enzymatic ukuze bandise isivuno se-cis isomer (umz., ukufikelela kwi-95%+). I-COA ye-lactone yokwenziwa ekumgangatho ophezulu idla ngokuchaza umxholo we-cis ophezulu. Le yiparameter ebalulekileyo ejongwa ngabathengi.

3. IiLactones eziQhelekileyo zokwenziwa: Umxholo we-cis ophantsi (umz., 70-85%) ubonisa imveliso engacocwanga kangako. Iya kuba nevumba elibuthathaka nelingeyonyani kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo apho ixabiso liyimpembelelo ephambili kwaye ivumba elisemgangathweni alibalulekanga.

Isiphelo

Ngamafutshane, umlinganiselo awulonani elimiselweyo kodwa luphawu oluphambili lwemvelaphi kunye nomgangatho:

· Ngokwendalo, umlinganiselo ugobile kakhulu ukuya kwi->99.5% cis-isomer.

· Kwi-synthesis, umlinganiselo uyahluka, kodwa umxholo ophezulu we-cis-isomer uhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nevumba elimnandi, lendalo, nelinamandla ngakumbi le-creamy.

Ke ngoko, xa kuvavanywa isampuli yeI-Lactone yobisi, i-cis/trans ratio yenye yezona nkcukacha zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zijongwe kwiSatifikethi soHlalutyo (i-COA).